{"id":2905,"date":"2024-06-18T08:59:00","date_gmt":"2024-06-18T08:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/investigations\/nadormelilla\/"},"modified":"2024-06-18T18:36:09","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T18:36:09","slug":"nadormelilla","status":"publish","type":"investigation","link":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/investigations\/nadormelilla\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u062e \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0632\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><em>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-has-aspect-ratio, feature-this wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Nador-Melilla Border Trap Investigation\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/953638754?h=86ffd740bb&amp;dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 23 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0635\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 27 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 70 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643&#8221; (Border Forensics) \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 &#8220;\u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627&#8221; (Ir\u00eddia) \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (ECCHR). \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0626\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642. \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0645\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-container-1 wp-block-gallery-69f9f61c76ca0 wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_1_AR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"3385\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_1_AR-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_1_AR-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_1_AR-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_1_AR-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_1_AR-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_1_AR-2048x1152.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_2_AR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"3389\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_2_AR-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_2_AR-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_2_AR-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_2_AR-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_2_AR-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_2_AR-2048x1152.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_3_AR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"3393\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_3_AR-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_3_AR-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_3_AR-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_3_AR-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_3_AR-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_3_AR-2048x1152.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_4_AR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"650\" data-id=\"3398\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_4_AR-1024x650.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_4_AR-1024x650.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_4_AR-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_4_AR-768x488.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_4_AR-1536x976.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0A_4_AR-2048x1301.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643\u060c 2024.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 23 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0635\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 27 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 70 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-container-2 wp-block-gallery-69f9f61c778c7 wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0B.png\"><img data-id=\"4225\"  src=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0B-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4225\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0C.png\"><img data-id=\"4229\"  src=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0C-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4229\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0D.png\"><img data-id=\"4233\"  src=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0D-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4233\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0E.png\"><img data-id=\"4237\"  src=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0E-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4237\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u06408:10 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627. @mellalietfier\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c 27.06.22.<br>\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u06408:39 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c 24.06.22.<br>\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u06409:00 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c 24.06.22.<br>\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0643\u060c 24\/06\/22.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"1\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\">1<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"1\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631. \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 &#8220;La trag\u00e9die au poste frontalier de Barrio Chino&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648)\u060c 2022\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/amdh.org.ma\/img\/upload\/contents\/fichiers\/532\/d36ba0efb926c6cfb0705be188d7916c.pdf%D8%9B\">http:\/\/amdh.org.ma\/img\/upload\/contents\/fichiers\/532\/d36ba0efb926c6cfb0705be188d7916c.pdf\u061b<\/a> \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a 2022 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2023\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/viacampesina.org\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/rapport-migration-2022-AMDH-Nador.pdf%D8%9B\">https:\/\/viacampesina.org\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/rapport-migration-2022-AMDH-Nador.pdf\u061b<\/a> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 &#8221; Vulneraci\u00f3n de derechos humanos en la Frontera Sur del Estado espa\u00f1ol 2021-2022&#8243; (\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2021-2022)\u060c 2023\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/iridia.cat\/es\/publicaciones\/vulneracion-de-derechos-humanos-en-la-fs-del-estado-espanol-2021-2022\/%D8%9B\">https:\/\/iridia.cat\/es\/publicaciones\/vulneracion-de-derechos-humanos-en-la-fs-del-estado-espanol-2021-2022\/\u061b<\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c &#8220;Informe \u2013 V\u00edctimas de la frontera Nador &#8211; Melilla el 24\/6\/2022&#8221; (\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 24\/06\/2022)\u060c 2022\u060c https:\/\/caminandofronteras.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Informe-Masacre-Nador-Melilla-ES.pdf\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;&#8216;\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647&#8217; \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c 2022\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/12\/MDE2962492022ARABIC.pdf\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/12\/MDE2962492022ARABIC.pdf<\/a>\u060c BBC Africa Eye\u060c &#8220;Death on border&#8221; (\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f)\u060c 2022\u060c http<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p0dbnttd\">s:\/\/w<\/a>ww<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p0dbnttd\">.bbc.co.uk\/p<\/a>ro<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p0dbnttd\">grammes\/p0dbnttd<\/a>\u060c Lighthouse Reports \u0648al.\u060c &#8220;Reconstructing the Melilla Massacre&#8221; (\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c 2022\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lighthousereports.com\/investigation\/reconstructing-the-melilla-massacre\/\">https:\/\/www.lighthousereports.com\/investigation\/reconstructing-the-melilla-massacre\/<\/a>.<\/span>\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u064b\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\/\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a<\/strong>\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0F.png\"><img src=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0F-768x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3677\"\/><\/a><figcaption>\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064029 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2022\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064a\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0G_OK_vlcsnap-2024-04-23-13h32m37s501.png\"><img src=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/05\/0G_OK_vlcsnap-2024-04-23-13h32m37s501-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3681\"\/><\/a><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646: \u0625\u0644\u0633\u0627 \u062a\u064a\u0633\u0632\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645.\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2023.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642. \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064e\u0633\u0650\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629\/\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0632\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0647\u0650\u064a\u062f (\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u062e\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0645\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0631\u0650 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 &#8220;\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f&#8221;. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong>\u0628\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a &#8220;\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062e \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a\u061f&#8221;\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627: (1) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0623 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u061b (2) \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u061b (3) \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0648(4) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627 \u062a\u064a\u0633\u0632\u0644\u0631<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"2\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\">2<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"2\">Elsa Tyszler, \u201cDerri\u00e8re les barri\u00e8res de Ceuta &amp; Melilla. Rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et colonialit\u00e9 du contr\u00f4le migratoire \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re maroco-espagnole&#8221;, th\u00e8se de doctorat en sociologie, Universit\u00e9 Paris 8, 2019&nbsp;; Elsa Tyszler, <em>Se battre aux fronti\u00e8res de Ceuta et Melilla<\/em>, Presses Universitaires de Vincennes, 2024.<\/span>\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648-\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 892 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 406 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 46% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0H_AR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0H_AR-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3436\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0H_AR-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0H_AR-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0H_AR-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0H_AR-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0H_AR-2048x1152.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643&#8221;\u060c 2024.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"height: calc(100vh - 250px)\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" src=\"https:\/\/melilla-timeline.vercel.app\/?cases=true\"><\/iframe><br><small>\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 2014 \u06482022. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643&#8221;\u060c 2024.<a href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/archive-of-impunity\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/a><\/small>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 -\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621- \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0628\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0648 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627&#8221; \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 2021 \u06482022. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2021\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0643\u062b\u0641\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0J_AR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"653\" src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0J_AR-1024x653.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0J_AR-1024x653.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0J_AR-300x191.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0J_AR-768x490.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0J_AR-1536x980.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/0J_AR-2048x1306.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 2021 \u06482022. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643&#8221;\u060c 2024.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u062b\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-container-3 wp-block-gallery-69f9f61c77e9b wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-cropped\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-02.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"453\" data-id=\"3412\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-02-1024x453.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-02-1024x453.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-02-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-02-768x340.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-02-1536x680.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-02-2048x907.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-03.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"467\" data-id=\"3420\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-03-1024x467.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-03-1024x467.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-03-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-03-768x351.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-03-1536x701.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2G_AR-03-2048x935.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064016 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064023 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064010:59 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064016 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064011:09 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064023 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u062b \u00a92022 Maxar Technologies.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_25_AR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"724\" src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_25_AR-1024x724.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_25_AR-1024x724.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_25_AR-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_25_AR-768x543.png 768w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_25_AR-1536x1086.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_25_AR-2048x1448.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643\u060c 2024.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062d\u0636 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a. \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0645\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062b\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><object class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4E_rapport-migration-2022-AMDH-Nador_extract-2.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of <span style=&quot;font-size:15px;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-family:'Arial';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;&quot;&gt;\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646-\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064010 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2023. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646-\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 2022\u060c \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 2023\u060c<\/span&gt;.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-72ae01be-63bd-4dc9-b16c-d5b43dbdf7db\" href=\"https:\/\/stg-websited-staging.kinsta.cloud\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4E_rapport-migration-2022-AMDH-Nador_extract-2.pdf\"><span style=\"font-size:15px;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;font-family:'Arial';font-style:normal;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646-\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064010 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2023. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646-\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 2022\u060c \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 2023\u060c<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0647\u064a\u062f\/\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0641\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0642\u064e\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062a\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0633\u0650\u0651\u062e \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0632\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"3\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\">3<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-0000000000000f0b0000000000000000_2905\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"3\">Norman Ajari, \u201cForms of Death: Necropolitics, Mourning, and Black Dignity\u201d, <em>Symposium:<\/em> <em>Canadian Journal of Continental Philosophy<\/em> 26(1), 2022, p. 175.<\/span>&#8220;. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\/\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0646\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u200b\u200b\u0648\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-vimeo wp-block-embed-vimeo wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Nador-Melilla Border Trap | Testimony | Arabic\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/954061580?h=74f4228ee4&amp;dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643 2024.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0638\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u061f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u061f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u0634\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u061f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u061f \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0647. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0645\u0652\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u061f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631: \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064f \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u062b\u064f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627\u061f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 -\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641- \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0636\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647<a href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" id=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" id=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a> Saidiya V. Hartman, <em>Scenes of Subjection: Terror, Slavery, and Self-Making in Nineteenth-Century America<\/em>, Oxford University Press, 1997; Christina Sharpe, <em>In the Wake: On Blackness and Being<\/em>, Duke University Press, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0647\u0650\u0645\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0642\u0650\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0635\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643&#8221; \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631<a href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" id=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" id=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a> Charles Heller and Lorenzo Pezzani, \u201cA disobedient gaze: strategic interventions in the knowledge(s) of maritime borders.\u201d <em>Postcolonial Studies<\/em> 16(3), 2013, pp. 289-98.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0623\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621)\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u0646\u0627\/\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621&#8221;<a href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" id=\"sdfootnote1anc\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/a>. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u061b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647 &#8211; \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0647\u0627&#8221;<a href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" id=\"sdfootnote2anc\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0623\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629\/\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 <strong>&#8216;<\/strong><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629<\/strong><strong>&#8216;<\/strong><a href=\"#sdfootnote3sym\" id=\"sdfootnote3anc\"><sup>3<\/sup><\/a> (<em>Massacrabilit\u00e9<\/em>) \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u064f\u0632\u064e\u0627\u0648\u0650\u062c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0634\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648-\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646<a href=\"#sdfootnote4sym\" id=\"sdfootnote4anc\"><sup>4<\/sup><\/a>. \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" id=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a> Norman Ajari, \u201cForms of Death: Necropolitics, Mourning, and Black Dignity\u201d, <em>Symposium: Canadian Journal of Continental Philosophy<\/em> 26(1), 2022, p. 175.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#sdfootnote2anc\" id=\"sdfootnote2sym\">2<\/a> \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a. \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642-<em>\u00c9thique et politique de la race<\/em>\u060c 2019\u060c \u0635. 100.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#sdfootnote3anc\" id=\"sdfootnote3sym\">3<\/a> \u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u063a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0625\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 -\u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629- \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0629\/\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u063a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639: Rappeler l\u2019antiracisme: vers une anthropologie critique de l\u2019exterminabilit\u00e9\u201d \u0641\u064a L\u2019Alterpolitique: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c EuroPhilosophie \u00c9ditions\u060c 2021\u061b \u0625\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621&#8221;\u060c Parallax 11(1)\u060c 2005\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 19 \u0625\u0644\u0649 34.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#sdfootnote4anc\" id=\"sdfootnote4sym\">4<\/a> Matthew Fuller et Eyal Weizman, <em>Investigative Aesthetics: Conflicts and Commons in the Politics of Truth<\/em>, Verso, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644: \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637-\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2023)\u061b \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644-\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2023)\u061b \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a-\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1>Investigation team<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2>Research team<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Border Forensics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research director: Charles Heller<br>Lead researcher: Elsa Tyszler (Associate Researcher at CRESPPA, CNRS)<br>Project coordinator: Elio Panese<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ir\u00eddia-Centre for the Defense of Human Rights<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research and documentation: Maite Daniela Lo Coco, Sani Ladan<br>Supervision and support: Sonia Olivella, Irene Urango, Laura Maria Medina, Marta Llonch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>AMDH-Moroccan Association for Human Rights<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research: AMDH migration group&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ECCHR-European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additional legal analysis: Hanaa Hakiki<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Visual and spatial analysis and production team<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Border Forensics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cartography and animations: Nico Alexandroff, Jack Isles, Svitlana Lavrenchuk<br>Geostatistical analysis: Stanislas Michel, Stefanie Helfenstein<br>Geolocation and remote sensing: Rossana Padeletti<br>Documentary filmmaking, editing, sound mixing: Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Choffat<br>Layout and public visibility: Jelka Kretzschmar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Extended Team<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Interactive platform development: Zac Ioannidis<br>Timeline design: Robert Preusse<br>Border fence analysis: Antonio Giraldez L\u00f3pez, Alicia Mart\u00ednez<br>Additional documentary filming: Alicia Mart\u00ednez, Javier Angosto, Javier Bernardo, Okba Mohammad<br>Documentary video editing, translation, subtitling: Naima Bachiri<br>Footage synchronisation: Emile Costard<br>Audio recording: Bj\u00f6rn Cornelius, Headroom Estudio<br>Recordings of wire fences: George Vlad (Mindful Audio), Jeff Navarro (Critical Vibrations)<br>Voiceover: Charles Heller, Mohammad Jadallah, Sani Ladan\u00a0<br>Translation of report and scripts: J.A.*, Michael Almeida, Munia Hassoun, Mohammad Jadallah, Pedro Sanz<br>Translation of interviews and official documents: J.A.*, M.A.*<em>, R.E.<\/em>*, R.A.H*, S.K*, Diego Rodriguez, Okba Mohammad<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>* The names of our collaborators wishing to remain anonymous have been abbreviated.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Acknowledgements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This investigation, extending over more than a year, was made possible by the contributions of many people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We would first like to thank the many survivors of the massacre we met for their trust. This counter-investigation is dedicated to them, and their struggle against racism, for their dignity, and for the recognition of their humanity and rights. We hope this investigation contributes to your quest for truth and justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We further thank the Nador section of the AMDH for its tireless efforts in documenting violations at the Nador-Melilla border, and the 24 June massacre in particular. This documentation and analysis has constituted an essential source for our investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A number of civil society actors, journalists and researchers who have been documenting and analysing the effects of border control at the Nador-Melilla border for many years, generously shared their knowledge with us. They are too many to thank, and some of their identities cannot be revealed for security reasons. We thus express our heart-felt gratitude collectively and anonymously.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our investigation builds on previous efforts by journalists and civil society actors to reconstruct the 24<sup>th<\/sup> of June 2022 massacre. We are particularly grateful to Lighthouse Reports which generously shared all the footage it had accessed in the context of the important investigation it led in collaboration with ENASS, El Pa\u00eds, The Independent, Le Monde and Der Spiegel. Lighthouse Reports has further shared its 3D model of the Barrio Chino border fence and interview transcripts. Our thanks also go to porCausa for their work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Several photographers and journalists shared their important work with us and are credited throughout our report. We thank in particular Javier Angosto and Javier Bernardo who were present on the 24 June 2022, on the Spanish side of the border fence, and who shared their footage with us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We thank UNHCR Spain and UNITED for Intercultural Action for sharing data with our project, and Human Rights Watch for sharing its satellite imagery analysis of post-massacre attempted burials. We are grateful for Luisa Izuzquiza\u2019s support in seeking to access official documents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We thank Andr\u00e9s Garc\u00eda Berrio for the trust and Clara Calder\u00f3 and Irina Samy Cucurull (Novact) for the solidarity and support in this project. We also thank Ir\u00eddia\u2019s team of communication, advocacy and administration for the support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We further thank Norman Ajari as well as E. Tendayi Achiume for joining our collective discussions. Their analysis of anti-Black racism, violence and the law has shaped this investigation\u2019s approach in decisive ways.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We are grateful to Maribel Casas-Cortes, Sebastian Cobarrubias Baglietto and Itamar Mann for their insightful reviews, comments and additions on drafts of our report, and Kader Attia for contributing to our thinking in relation to images of violence and the violence of image.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Funding<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Border Forensics\u2019 work on this project has been supported by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-container-4 wp-block-gallery-69f9f61c787da wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-5 is-cropped\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"3332\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Rosa_Luxemburg_Foundation_logo.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Rosa_Luxemburg_Foundation_logo.png 800w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Rosa_Luxemburg_Foundation_logo-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Rosa_Luxemburg_Foundation_logo-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"3328\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_ProAsyl.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_ProAsyl.png 800w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_ProAsyl-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_ProAsyl-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"3324\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_medico_international_Logo.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_medico_international_Logo.png 800w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_medico_international_Logo-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_medico_international_Logo-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"3320\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_VilleDeGeneve.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_VilleDeGeneve.png 800w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_VilleDeGeneve-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_VilleDeGeneve-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"3316\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Robert_Bosch_Foundation_Logo.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Robert_Bosch_Foundation_Logo.png 800w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Robert_Bosch_Foundation_Logo-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/app\/uploads\/2024\/06\/800x600_Robert_Bosch_Foundation_Logo-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Swiss National Science Foundation<em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>As of January 2024, Charles Heller\u2019s research has been supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation towards his \u201cCircumference of Violence\u201d project based at the University of Bern.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Footnotes<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"modern-footnotes-list modern-footnotes-list--hide-for-print\"><li><span>1<\/span><div>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631. \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 &#8220;La trag\u00e9die au poste frontalier de Barrio Chino&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0648)\u060c 2022\u060c <a href=\"http:\/\/amdh.org.ma\/img\/upload\/contents\/fichiers\/532\/d36ba0efb926c6cfb0705be188d7916c.pdf%D8%9B\">http:\/\/amdh.org.ma\/img\/upload\/contents\/fichiers\/532\/d36ba0efb926c6cfb0705be188d7916c.pdf\u061b<\/a> \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a 2022 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2023\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/viacampesina.org\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/rapport-migration-2022-AMDH-Nador.pdf%D8%9B\">https:\/\/viacampesina.org\/es\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2023\/07\/rapport-migration-2022-AMDH-Nador.pdf\u061b<\/a> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 &#8221; Vulneraci\u00f3n de derechos humanos en la Frontera Sur del Estado espa\u00f1ol 2021-2022&#8243; (\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 2021-2022)\u060c 2023\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/iridia.cat\/es\/publicaciones\/vulneracion-de-derechos-humanos-en-la-fs-del-estado-espanol-2021-2022\/%D8%9B\">https:\/\/iridia.cat\/es\/publicaciones\/vulneracion-de-derechos-humanos-en-la-fs-del-estado-espanol-2021-2022\/\u061b<\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c &#8220;Informe \u2013 V\u00edctimas de la frontera Nador &#8211; Melilla el 24\/6\/2022&#8221; (\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631-\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 24\/06\/2022)\u060c 2022\u060c https:\/\/caminandofronteras.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Informe-Masacre-Nador-Melilla-ES.pdf\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;&#8216;\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647&#8217; \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c 2022\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/12\/MDE2962492022ARABIC.pdf\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2022\/12\/MDE2962492022ARABIC.pdf<\/a>\u060c BBC Africa Eye\u060c &#8220;Death on border&#8221; (\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f)\u060c 2022\u060c http<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p0dbnttd\">s:\/\/w<\/a>ww<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p0dbnttd\">.bbc.co.uk\/p<\/a>ro<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p0dbnttd\">grammes\/p0dbnttd<\/a>\u060c Lighthouse Reports \u0648al.\u060c &#8220;Reconstructing the Melilla Massacre&#8221; (\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c 2022\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lighthousereports.com\/investigation\/reconstructing-the-melilla-massacre\/\">https:\/\/www.lighthousereports.com\/investigation\/reconstructing-the-melilla-massacre\/<\/a>.<\/div><\/li><li><span>2<\/span><div>Elsa Tyszler, \u201cDerri\u00e8re les barri\u00e8res de Ceuta &amp; Melilla. Rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et colonialit\u00e9 du contr\u00f4le migratoire \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re maroco-espagnole&#8221;, th\u00e8se de doctorat en sociologie, Universit\u00e9 Paris 8, 2019&nbsp;; Elsa Tyszler, <em>Se battre aux fronti\u00e8res de Ceuta et Melilla<\/em>, Presses Universitaires de Vincennes, 2024.<\/div><\/li><li><span>3<\/span><div>Norman Ajari, \u201cForms of Death: Necropolitics, Mourning, and Black Dignity\u201d, <em>Symposium:<\/em> <em>Canadian Journal of Continental Philosophy<\/em> 26(1), 2022, p. 175.<\/div><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[42],"tags":[48,52,55],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Jelka Kretzschmar","author_link":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064c \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0632\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0635\u064f\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064024 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\/\u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2022\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0638&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/investigation\/2905"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/investigation"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/investigation"}],"version-history":[{"count":55,"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/investigation\/2905\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3913,"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/investigation\/2905\/revisions\/3913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2905"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2905"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.borderforensics.org\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2905"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}